The ancient text renowned for outlining the roles of individuals within society in Ancient Mesopotamia is the Code of Hammurabi. This law code, established by King Hammurabi around 1754 BCE, consisted of 282 laws governing various aspects of daily life, including trade, property rights, and family relations. It emphasized the principle of justice and established a system of retribution. The Code is one of the earliest legal documents, reflecting the complexities of Mesopotamian society and its efforts to maintain order and justice among its citizens.