The ancient site recognized as the birthplace of democracy is Athens, Greece. Around the 5th century BCE, Athenian democracy was established, allowing citizens—specifically free men—to participate in decision-making and governance through assemblies and councils. This system emphasized collective participation and accountability, influencing political thought throughout history. Although not inclusive by modern standards, as it excluded women, slaves, and non-citizens, Athenian democracy laid the foundation for subsequent democratic systems. The principles of civic engagement and political equality originating from Athens continue to inspire democratic movements worldwide.