The ancient civilization considered the birthplace of democracy is ancient Greece, particularly in the city-state of Athens around the 5th century BCE. Athenian democracy was characterized by the establishment of a direct form of government where citizens had the right to participate in decision-making processes. Key aspects included the assembly, where citizens could debate and vote on laws, and the courts, where citizens served as jurors. This system represented a radical departure from earlier autocratic and oligarchic forms of governance. The principles of Athenian democracy laid the foundation for modern democratic systems and continue to influence political thought and practice around the world.