The Treaty of Versailles in 1919 significantly shifted the territorial landscape of Central and Eastern Europe post-World War I. Redrawing national borders, it established new states like Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, while dismantling empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. The treaty aimed to limit German power by imposing reparations and territorial losses. However, its harsh terms contributed to economic hardships and political instability, fostering resentment that set the stage for future conflicts. The redrawing of maps also led to ethnic tensions, as ethnic groups often found themselves split across new borders.