The gut-brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain, significantly impacting mental health. This connection is facilitated by gut microbiota, which produce metabolites affecting the brain's function and mood regulation. Research suggests that imbalances in gut bacteria can contribute to mental health disorders like anxiety and depression. Additionally, physiological stress from digestive issues can influence brain activity. Therefore, maintaining a healthy gut is crucial for mental well-being, as interventions like dietary modifications and probiotics can positively affect both gut health and psychological states.