Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy production. After eating, blood sugar levels rise, prompting the pancreas to release insulin. The hormone helps transport glucose from the bloodstream into muscle and fat cells, lowering overall blood sugar levels. Insulin also aids in storing excess glucose as glycogen in the liver. Proper insulin function is vital in maintaining homeostasis and preventing hyperglycemia, which can lead to diabetes.