The principle of specificity applies to exercise programs by emphasizing that the body adapts specifically to the type of training performed. For instance, if individuals aim to improve cardiovascular endurance, they should engage in aerobic activities such as running or cycling. Likewise, strength training programs should target specific muscle groups for optimal results. Understanding this principle helps individuals tailor their workout regimens to meet personal fitness goals more effectively, ensuring that progress occurs in the desired areas and enhancing overall training efficiency and outcomes.