The mountain range that serves as a natural barrier between India and Nepal is the Himalayas. This extensive mountain system includes some of the highest peaks in the world, including Mt. Everest. The Himalayas influence the climate and ecology of the surrounding regions, acting as a barrier to monsoon winds and creating distinct weather patterns. This mountain range also holds immense cultural and spiritual significance in both Hinduism and Buddhism, attracting pilgrims and adventure enthusiasts alike, while supporting diverse flora and fauna unique to the area.