The name of the line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is the Equator. This imaginary line is positioned equidistant from the North and South Poles and is located at 0 degrees latitude. The Equator serves as a reference point for navigation and global climate patterns, marking the transition between different climatic zones. Regions near the Equator experience relatively consistent weather year-round, unlike areas farther from it, which have more pronounced seasons. The Equator is significant in geography, environmental science, and global studies.