The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Curie. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903, which she shared with her husband Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel for their work on radioactivity. Seven years later, in 1911, Marie Curie won a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, for her discovery of the elements radium and polonium. Her groundbreaking research paved the way for advancements in both physics and chemistry and earned her a place in history as a pioneer in scientific research, particularly in the field of radioactivity.