Sir Isaac Newton is the famous scientist known for his law of gravitation. He formulated the law in the late 17th century, which describes the universal attraction between masses. His groundbreaking work in physics, particularly his book "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" (also known as the Principia), laid the foundation for classical mechanics. Newton’s law of gravitation explains how celestial bodies orbit each other and is a fundamental principle of physics that remains valid under most conditions today. This achievement has greatly influenced our understanding of the universe and has had lasting implications in various scientific fields.