The enzyme commonly found in saliva is amylase. Amylase is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars, initiating the digestive process right in the mouth. Human saliva contains both alpha-amylase, which acts on starches, and a specific type of amylase known as salivary amylase. This enzyme aids in the conversion of polysaccharides into maltose and dextrin, making it easier for the body to absorb nutrients later in the digestive process. The action of amylase is an early step in carbohydrate digestion, highlighting the importance of saliva in the overall digestive system.