The ancient Greek city known as the birthplace of democracy is Athens. In the 5th century BCE, Athens developed the first known democratic system in which citizens could participate directly in decision-making and governance. This political innovation allowed eligible male citizens to vote on laws and policies, setting a precedent for future democratic systems worldwide. The Athenian democracy involved various institutions such as the Assembly and the Council, which facilitated citizen participation. While not inclusive by today's standards—excluding women, slaves, and non-citizens—it laid the groundwork for the democratic ideals that many societies strive towards today.