Natural disasters caused by tectonic plate movements include earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Tectonic plates are large segments of the Earth's lithosphere that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere below. When these plates move or interact at their boundaries, they can generate significant geological events. Earthquakes occur when stress builds up along faults due to plate movements, suddenly releasing energy and causing ground shaking. Similarly, volcanic eruptions can occur when magma from the mantle breaches the Earth's surface along tectonic boundaries. Both phenomena can result in devastating impacts on communities and ecosystems.