The scientific name for the common grape vine is Vitis vinifera. This species is the most widely cultivated grape variety and is used primarily for wine production, table grapes, and raisins. Vitis vinifera originated in the Mediterranean region and has spread globally, with various cultivars being developed to suit different climates and preferences. The plant is deciduous and climbs by tendrils, requiring proper care for successful fruit production. The cultivation of Vitis vinifera dates back thousands of years, playing a crucial role in many cultures, especially in regions renowned for their wine-making traditions.