The process whereby water vapor turns into liquid water is called condensation. This occurs when water vapor in the air cools down and transitions back to its liquid state, typically upon encountering a surface that is colder than the air. This process is essential in the water cycle, playing a critical role in weather patterns and precipitation. Examples of condensation can be observed as dew on grass in the morning or water droplets forming on the outside of a cold beverage. Understanding this process is vital for meteorology and various environmental sciences.