The process by which plants convert light into energy is called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, green plants, algae, and some bacteria utilize sunlight, primarily absorbed by chlorophyll in their cells, to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs mainly in the chloroplasts of plant cells and is vital for producing the organic compounds that serve as food for plants and other organisms. Additionally, photosynthesis plays a crucial role in maintaining atmospheric oxygen levels and supporting life on Earth by forming the base of the food chain.