The name of the astronomical phenomenon where the moon blocks the sun is a solar eclipse. This event occurs when the moon passes directly between the Earth and the sun, casting a shadow on the Earth and temporarily obscuring the sun's light. Solar eclipses can be partial, total, or annular, depending on the alignment of the three celestial bodies. Total solar eclipses, where the moon completely covers the sun, are particularly striking events that draw attention from enthusiasts and scientists alike, as they provide unique opportunities for observation and research.