The main ingredient in traditional Italian pizza is flour, which is used to create the dough. High-quality flour, typically "00" flour, is preferred for its fine texture and high protein content, which contributes to a chewy and flavorful crust. The dough is typically mixed with water, yeast, and salt, allowing it to ferment before shaping. After the dough is prepared, it is topped with sauce, cheese, and various ingredients before being baked at high temperatures in a pizza oven. The traditional Margherita pizza, featuring tomato, mozzarella cheese, and basil, is a classic representation of Italian culinary heritage.