The main focus of the study of economics is to analyze how individuals, businesses, and governments allocate scarce resources to meet their needs and desires. Economics examines the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, as well as the decision-making processes that drive these activities. It is divided into two primary branches: microeconomics, which studies individual and business behaviors, and macroeconomics, which looks at the economy as a whole. By understanding economic principles, policymakers can make informed decisions that promote growth, stability, and overall welfare for society.