The chemical formula for the compound most commonly associated with water is H₂O. This formula indicates that each molecule of water consists of two hydrogen atoms (H) covalently bonded to one oxygen atom (O). Water is vital for all known forms of life and plays a key role in various biochemical reactions. Its unique properties, such as high surface tension, specific heat capacity, and solvent abilities, make it indispensable for Earth's ecosystems. Water's presence and abundance are crucial for sustaining life, agriculture, and numerous industrial processes.