The ancient civilization known for its pyramids and sphinx is Ancient Egypt. This civilization flourished along the Nile River for thousands of years, characterized by remarkable achievements in architecture, art, and governance. The pyramids, especially the Great Pyramid of Giza, served as monumental tombs for pharaohs and are among the most iconic structures in the world. The Sphinx, a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head, is another emblematic symbol of this civilization. Ancient Egyptians made significant contributions to writing, mathematics, and medicine, leaving a profound legacy that continues to fascinate historians and archaeologists today.