To clarify complex concepts in the UPSC syllabus, candidates can use several effective techniques. First, creating mind maps helps visually organize information, highlighting relationships between different topics. Second, breaking down complex theories into simpler parts can facilitate better understanding. Using analogies or real-world examples can also make abstract ideas more relatable. Discussion with peers can provide fresh perspectives and reinforce learning through explanation. Lastly, utilizing updated study resources such as videos or interactive platforms can cater to different learning styles, making it easier to grasp intricate topics within the syllabus.