Crucial topics under the Indian Economy for the UPSC exam include economic growth, planning, and development, as well as major schemes and policies like GST and Make in India. Other important areas are inflation, employment generation, poverty alleviation, and economic reforms since 1991. Understanding the role of agriculture, industry, and services in economic development and the impacts of global trade policies are also significant. Candidates should be familiar with recent economic surveys and reports from organizations like the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and NITI Aayog to gain insights into current economic issues and trends.