Adaptive strategies for addressing unexpected questions in interviews include staying calm and composed, which helps maintain confidence. It's essential to listen carefully and understand the question before responding. If unsure, candidates can take a moment to formulate their thoughts, potentially rephrasing the question or asking for clarification. Utilizing the STAR method (Situation, Task, Action, Result) can provide a structured way to answer behavioral questions. Practicing mock interviews can also prepare candidates for improvising effectively. Emphasizing transferable skills and experiences can help connect the unexpected question to their overall qualifications.