Aspirants can effectively study for the science and technology sections of UPSC by focusing on current developments, basic principles, and applications. Utilizing standard textbooks and referencing NCERT materials helps in building fundamental knowledge. Regularly following advancements in science through credible sources like journals, articles, and government reports is essential for contextual understanding. Practice using previous year question papers enhances familiarity with the type of questions asked. Engaging with mock tests can also aid in assessing knowledge and improving retention, ensuring aspirants are well equipped for the examination.