The influential figure behind the establishment of the environmental movement in the U.S. is Rachel Carson. Her seminal book, *Silent Spring*, published in 1962, raised public awareness about the dangers of pesticides, particularly DDT, and its detrimental effects on the environment. Carson's work is credited with igniting the modern environmentalism movement, leading to the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the eventual enactment of significant environmental legislation. Through her compelling writing, she inspired a generation to advocate for the protection of the planet and its ecosystems.