The influential feminist writer known for her exploration of gender inequality is Simone de Beauvoir. Her seminal work, "The Second Sex," published in 1949, critiqued the social constructs surrounding femininity and argued that women have historically been viewed as "the Other." Beauvoir's philosophy of existentialism paved the way for modern feminist thought and sparked discussions on female autonomy and empowerment. Her insights into the societal roles of women remain relevant in contemporary dialogues on gender equality and inspire feminist movements globally.