Malcolm X was the American civil rights leader known for his powerful speeches advocating for racial justice and equality. A prominent figure in the 1960s, he initially supported the Nation of Islam's teachings before later embracing broader civil rights goals. Malcolm X emphasized the importance of self-determination and empowerment for African Americans, often addressing systemic oppression in his eloquent speeches. His advocacy for black nationalism and critique of systemic racism challenged societal norms, leaving a profound impact on the civil rights movement and inspiring generations of activists.