The physicist awarded the Nobel Prize for his work on atomic structure is Niels Bohr, renowned for his foundational contributions to quantum theory and atomic models. His distinctive model of the atom, which proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels, significantly advanced our understanding of atomic behavior. Bohr's work on quantum mechanics and its application to chemical bonding has had lasting implications in both physics and chemistry. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922, his theories paved the way for modern atomic physics and influenced numerous scientific advancements.