The famous female scientist known for her work in the field of radioactivity is Marie Curie. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and remains the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields: Physics and Chemistry. Curie's groundbreaking research on radioactive elements, including the discovery of polonium and radium, was instrumental in advancing the field of nuclear physics. Her dedication to science and advocacy for women in STEM has left a lasting legacy, inspiring future generations of scientists to pursue research in challenging fields.