The author who created the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is Arthur Conan Doyle. His character, introduced in *A Study in Scarlet* in 1887, became an iconic figure in detective fiction. Doyle's meticulous attention to detail and use of forensic science in the stories set a benchmark for the genre, influencing countless authors and adaptations. Holmes’s character encapsulates the archetype of the brilliant yet eccentric detective, along with his trusty companion, Dr. Watson. Doyle’s contributions popularized the detective genre, leading to numerous adaptations in film, television, and theater, affirming Sherlock Holmes as a lasting cultural symbol of intellect and deduction.