The historical figure known as the "Father of Turkey" is Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. He played a crucial role in establishing the Republic of Turkey in 1923 and implementing a series of modernizing reforms aimed at transforming the nation into a secular, industrialized state. Atatürk's policies focused on education, women's rights, and national sovereignty, effectively reshaping Turkish society. His legacy endures as a symbol of modernization and reform, and he is widely celebrated in Turkey for his vision and leadership during a transformative period in the country's history.