Carl Jung's theories differ from those of Sigmund Freud primarily in their understanding of the unconscious. Jung emphasized the importance of the collective unconscious, which includes shared archetypes and cultural memories, suggesting that the unconscious is not solely personal but also collective. While Freud focused on the role of repressed desires and sexual drives, Jung believed in a broader spectrum of motivations, including spirituality and personal growth. Jung's concepts of individuation and personality types have influenced psychology, emphasizing the need for a holistic understanding of the self, in contrast with Freud's more deterministic views.